Chemical risks in structural fires and their relationship with self-contained breathing apparatus

Based on El Triunfo Fire Department

Abstract

This research article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the chemical hazards associated with structural fires and how they relate to the use of Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA). A qualitative research method was applied, focusing on the main chemical risks firefighters face in such situations. Structural fires generate a wide variety of toxic substances, including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), all of which pose a significant threat to firefighter health. These chemicals can be inhaled during the fire, leading to severe health issues and even fatalities if not properly managed. The article discusses the importance of using SCBA to prevent firefighters from inhaling these harmful substances. Hower several factors affect SCBA effectiveness, such as the design, proper maintenance, and training of firefighters in its use. SCBAs provide a breathable air source, which reduces the inhalation of dangerous compounds, and is essential for protecting firefighters in these hazardous environments. Structural risks during a fire represent the primary threats to both building occupants and firefighter. Understanding and developing safer, more effective intervention strategies are critical. When addressing these risks, it is essential to consider the type of building material, fire conditions, ventilation strategies, and the proper use of personal protective equipment. Firefighter preparation and training to manage these hazards are essential to saving lives and minimizing structural damage. A comprehensive approach to fire safety involves evaluating all aspects, from equipment to tactics, to enhance firefighter protection and improve overall fire response effectiveness.